간호학과 공부자료/Pathophysiology7 Respiratory system: Asthma Asthma: Characterized by periodic episodes of severe but reversible bronchiole obstruction due to hyperresponsive airways. Problem: occurs in upper airway - obstruction to the airflow of decrease alveolar ventilation. 1) Bronchoconstriction 2) Inflammation of bronchiole mucosa - Edema 3) Excess mucous production-clogs airway Two Types: 1. Extrinsic Asthma (inflammatory) Could by hypersensitivity.. 2020. 12. 8. Respiratory System: Atelectasis Atelectasis Collapse or incomplete expansion of a lung or a portion of a lung, leading to decreased gas exchange and hypoxia Can be caused by: airway obstruction compression of the lung â surfactant à difficulty expanding the lung When the alveoli do not have air, they collapse and shrivel up ~ natural recoil of lung tissue Ventilation and perfusion are affected à impaired oxygenation Signs and .. 2020. 12. 3. Respiratory system: Aspiration Aspiration Aspiration: the passage of food, fluid, or other foreign material into the trachea or lungs Usually, the cough reflex removes material from the upper tract, and passage into the lower tract is prevented by the vocal cords and epiglottis Complete obstruction of the upper tract inhibits the ability to speak or cough; blockage of the trachea is life-threatening due to inadequate oxygenat.. 2020. 12. 3. Immune pathology Hypersensitivity Reactions: Inappropriate responses by immune system to environmental agents that would pose no health risk. These agents provoke immune reaction - allergens (i.e. antigens that promote allergic responses) Typically, they are proteins or other large complex organic molecules provoking immediate responses but almost any foreign substance has potential to be an allergy for someone .. 2020. 12. 3. 이전 1 2 다음 반응형
